A:
Shot Peening is performed to increase the fatigue strength and extend the service life of metal parts, especially those subjected to high cyclic stresses or vibrations.
The main reasons for doing it are:
- Preventing Crack Initiation and Propagation: Since cracks cannot propagate in a compressive environment, the residual compressive stress layer acts as a barrier, significantly slowing or preventing the formation and growth of surface cracks.
- Converting Tensile Stress to Compressive Stress: Most fatigue cracks initiate and propagate under Tensile Stress on the surface (often induced by other manufacturing processes like grinding, machining, or heat treatment). Shot Peening replaces this surface tensile stress with a beneficial layer of Compressive Stress.
- Increasing Resistance to Stress Corrosion Cracking: The compressive stress at the surface reduces the likelihood of cracks forming in corrosive environments when combined with stress.